| Year | Gold | Silver | Bronze | |||||||
| 2021 Men 100m Backstroke | Robert GlinŢĂ |  ROU | 52.88 | Hugo GonzÁlez de Oliveira |  ESP | 52.90 | Apostolos Christou |  GRE | 52.97 | |
| 2018 Men 100m Backstroke | Kliment Kolesnikov |  RUS | 52.53 | Yevgeniy Rylov | RUS | 52.74 | Apostolos Christou | GRE | 53.72 | |
| 2016 Men 100m Backstroke | Camille Lacourt |  FRA | 53.79 | Grigoriy Tarasevich | RUS | 53.89 | Simone Sabbioni |  ITA | Apostolos Christou | |
| 2014 Men 100m Backstroke | Chris Walker-Hebborn |  GBR | 53.32 | Jérémy Stravius | FRA | 53.64 | Jan-Philip Glania |  GER | 54.15 | |
| 2012 Men 100m Backstroke | Aristeidis Grigoriadis | GRE | 53.86 | Helge Meeuw | GER | 54.06 | Yakov-Yan Toumarkin |  ISR | 54.14 | |
| 2010 Men 100m Backstroke | Camille Lacourt | FRA | 52.11 | Jérémy Stravius | FRA | 53.44 | Liam Tancock | GBR | 53.86 | |
| 2008 Men 100m Backstroke | Markus Rogan |  AUT | 54.03 | Aristeidis Grigoriadis | GRE | 54.27 | Arkadiy Vyatchanin | RUS | 54.45 | |
| 2006 Men 100m Backstroke | Arkadiy Vyatchanin | RUS | 53.50 | Markus Rogan | AUT | 54.07 | Aristeidis Grigoriadis | GRE | 54.34 | |
| 2004 Men 100m Backstroke | Cseh László |  HUN | 55.26 | Markus Rogan | AUT | 55.27 | Stev Theloke | GER | 55.39 | |
| 2002 Men 100m Backstroke | Stev Theloke | GER | 54.42 | Markus Rogan | AUT | 54.54 | Pierre Roger | FRA | 54.89 | |
| 2000 Men 100m Backstroke | David Ortega | ESP | 55.50 | Volodymyr Nikolaychuk |  UKR | 55.64 | Derya BÜyÜkuncu |  TUR | 55.84 | |
| 1999 Men 100m Backstroke | Stev Theloke | GER | 55.16 | Gordan KoŽulj |  CRO | 55.84 | Eithan Urbach | ISR | 55.87 | |
| 1997 Men 100m Backstroke | Martin LÓpez-Zubero | ESP | 55.71 | Eithan Urbach | ISR | 55.88 | Vladimir Selkov | RUS | 55.97 | |
| 1995 Men 100m Backstroke | Vladimir Selkov | RUS | 55.48 | Jirka Letzin | GER | 56.24 | Stefaan Maene |  BEL | 56.32 | |
| 1993 Men 100m Backstroke | Martin LÓpez-Zubero | ESP | 55.03 | Vladimir Selkov | RUS | 55.58 | Martin Harris | GBR | 55.75 | |
| 1991 Men 100m Backstroke | Martin LÓpez-Zubero | ESP | 55.30 | Dirk Richter | GER | 56.04 | Franck Schott | FRA | 56.29 | |
| 1989 Men 100m Backstroke | Martin LÓpez-Zubero | ESP | 56.44 | Sergey Zabolotnov |  URS | 56.45 | Dirk Richter |  GDR | 56.52 | |
| 1987 Men 100m Backstroke | Sergey Zabolotnov | URS | 56.06 | Frank Baltrusch | GDR | 56.40 | Frank Hoffmeister |  FRG | 56.71 | |
| 1985 Men 100m Backstroke | Igor Polyanskiy | URS | 55.24 | Dirk Richter | GDR | 56.02 | Sergey Zabolotnov | URS | 56.88 | |
| 1983 Men 100m Backstroke | Dirk Richter | GDR | 56.10 | Vladimir Shemetov | URS | 56.38 | WladÁr Sándor | HUN | 57.16 | |
| 1981 Men 100m Backstroke | WladÁr Sándor | HUN | 56.72 | Vladimir Shemetov | URS | 56.75 | Viktor Kuznetsov | URS | 56.90 | |
| 1977 Men 100m Backstroke | Miloslav Rolko |  TCH | 58.35 | Zoltán VerrasztÓ | HUN | 58.48 | Klaus Steinbach | FRG | 58.60 | |
| 1974 Men 100m Backstroke | Roland Matthes | GDR | 58.21 | Lutz Wanja | GDR | 58.66 | Zoltán VerrasztÓ | HUN | 58.78 | |
| 1970 Men 100m Backstroke | Roland Matthes | GDR | 58.9 | Santiago Esteva | ESP | 59.9 | Bob Schoutsen |  NED | 1:00.4 | |
| 1958 Men 100m Backstroke | Robert Christophe | FRA | 1:03.1 | Leonid Barbier | URS | 1:03.9 | Wolfgang Wagner | GDR | 1:05.5 | |
| 1954 Men 100m Backstroke | Gilbert Bozon | FRA | 1:05.1 | László Magyar | HUN | 1:05.3 | John Brockway | GBR | 1:05.9 | |
| 1950 Men 100m Backstroke | Larsson Göran |  SWE | 1:09.4 | Cornelis Kievit | NED | 1:09.7 | Boris Škanata |  YUG | 1:10.8 | |
| 1947 Men 100m Backstroke | Georges Vallerey | FRA | 1:07.6 | Gyula VÁlent | HUN | 1:10.5 | Jiří KovÁŘ | TCH | 1:10.5 | |
| 1938 Men 100m Backstroke | Heinz Schlauch | GER | 1:09.0 | Gerhard NÜsske | GER | 1:10.8 | Lengyel Árpád | HUN | 1:12.0 | |
| 1934 Men 100m Backstroke | John Besford | GBR | 1:11.7 | Ernst KÜppers | GER | 1:12.2 | Edgar Siegrist |  SUI | 1:12.6 | |
| 1931 Men 100m Backstroke | Gerhard Deutsch | GER | 1:14.8 | Aladár Bitskey | HUN | 1:15.8 | Nagy Károly | HUN | 1:16.2 | |
| 1927 Men 100m Backstroke | Eskil Lundahl | SWE | 1:17.4 | Aladár Bitskey | HUN | 1:17.6 | Gustav FrÖhlich | GER | 1:17.8 | |
| 1926 Men 100m Backstroke | Gustav FrÖhlich | GER | 1:16.0 | Bartha Károly | HUN | 1:16.0 | Eskil Lundahl | SWE | 1:16.2 | |
